Article 368 and The Basic Structure Doctrine: Safeguarding Constitutional Identity in India

The power of the Indian Parliament to amend the Constitution under Article 368 is a vital feature of India’s constitutional framework, enabling the Constitution to adapt to changing social, political, and economic needs. At the same time, this power is subject to important constitutional limitations to preserve the foundational values of the Constitution. This article examines the scope and evolution of Parliament’s amending power through significant judicial decisions, particularly Golaknath v. State of Punjab and Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala.