Legal Aspects of the Indian Education Sector: Challenges, Regulations, and the Path Forward

The Indian education system stands at a critical juncture, shaped by constitutional mandates, historical legislation, and evolving judicial interpretations. While education has been recognized as a fundamental right, systemic issues persist: outdated curricula, rote memorization, teacher shortages, and the unchecked rise of coaching institutions that hinder holistic development. Here, we examines the legal framework governing education in India, its shortcomings, the regulatory ecosystem, and reform imperatives like the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020.The Indian education system stands at a critical juncture, shaped by constitutional mandates, historical legislation, and evolving judicial interpretations. While education has been recognized as a fundamental right, systemic issues persist: outdated curricula, rote memorization, teacher shortages, and the unchecked rise of coaching institutions that hinder holistic development. Here we examine the legal framework governing education in India, its shortcomings, the regulatory ecosystem, and reform imperatives like the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020.