Legal Aspects of Mergers and Acquisitions in India
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have become an important part of corporate growth in India, allowing businesses to expand, enter new markets, and improve their competitive position. This paper examines the legal framework governing M&A transactions in India, with a focus on the Companies Act, 2013, the SEBI (Substantial Acquisition of Shares and Takeovers) Regulations, 2011, […]
Legal Aspects of Artificial Intelligence in India
Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used across sectors such as healthcare, finance, law enforcement, and public administration in India, yet the country still lacks a dedicated legal framework to regulate its development and use. This paper examines the existing legal and regulatory framework applicable to AI in India, with particular focus on the Information Technology […]
Analysis of SEBI Regulations: A Commentary on Sahara India Real Estate Corporation Ltd. v. Securities and Exchange Board of India
The decision in Sahara India Real Estate Corporation Ltd. v. Securities and Exchange Board of India is one of the most significant judgments in Indian securities law. This paper examines the legal issues that arose from Sahara’s issuance of Optionally Fully Convertible Debentures (OFCDs) and the resulting dispute over SEBI’s regulatory jurisdiction. It discusses the […]
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code: Impact and Analysis
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC) brought a significant change to India’s insolvency framework by replacing a fragmented and inefficient system with a unified, time-bound, and creditor-driven process. This paper examines the reasons behind the introduction of the Code, its key features, and the framework it establishes for resolving insolvency. It also discusses important […]
CHATGPT AND DATA BREACHES: LEGAL LIABILITY FOR LLM -INDUCED THIRD-PARTY PRIVACY VIOLATIONS UNDER THE DPDP ACT, 2023
Generative large language models, such as ChatGPT, are trained and continue to generate substantial amounts of personal information about individuals who have not consented to the model’s developer. This structural feature exposes a gap in India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 which relies on a fiduciary processor framework that presumes a bilateral relationship between […]
TRADE SECRETS v. ALGORITHMIC TRANSPARENCY IN AI: HOW INDIAN DATA PROTECTION AUTHORITIES CAN AUDIT PROPRIETARY LLMs WITHOUT VIOLATING IP
The rapid proliferation of Large Language Models in India’s financial, healthcare, and public-service sectors has intensified a fundamental tension in information law: the right of AI developers to protect commercially sensitive model designs and training data as trade secrets, versus the public interest in auditing these systems for bias, privacy infringements, and accountability failures. The […]
CROSS BORDER DATA GOVERNANCE IN THE DIGITAL AGE: EVALUATING RULE 15 OF INDIA’S DPDP RULES, 2025 AGAINST THE GDPR’S SCC FRAMEWORK
The Digital Personal Data Protection Rules, 2025, notified on 13 November 2025 to implement Section 16 of the DPDP Act, 2023, via Rule 15 permit cross-border personal data transfers by default and vest the Central Government with broad authority to restrict them by general or special order. This paper compares Rule 15 with the EU […]
Meta Platforms Inc. & WhatsApp LLC v. Union of India (Supreme Court, 2026)
This case commentary critically examines Meta Platforms Inc. & WhatsApp LLC v. Union of India (2026), a landmark Supreme Court decision striking down Rule 4(2) of the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021, which required significant social media intermediaries to enable identification of the “first originator” of encrypted messages. The […]
THE REGULATORY VACUUM IN INDIAN BIOTECHNOLOGY LAW: MAKING THE CASE FOR A COMPREHENSIVE NATIONAL BIOTECHNOLOGY REGULATORY AUTHORITY
India relies on a patchwork of outdated rules administered by multiple agencies with competing mandates. This regulatory vacuum threatens innovation, investor confidence, and public safety. This article argues that India urgently requires a comprehensive National Biotechnology Regulatory Authority (NBRA) to consolidate oversight, establish uniform standards, and facilitate responsible biotechnology advancement.
The Lokpal Paradox
India’s fight against corruption has often swung between public impatience and institutional innovation. Few reforms captured the country’s imagination like the Lokpal, an anti-corruption ombudsman envisioned as an independent authority that could investigate wrongdoing at the highest levels of government