The intersection of international commercial arbitration and competition law presents significant legal and regulatory challenges, particularly in disputes arising from transnational cartels. While arbitration offers an efficient, neutral and confidential mechanism for resolving cross-border commercial disputes, its consensual and private character raises concerns regarding the enforcement of mandatory competition laws designed to protect market integrity […]

This article treats droit administratif as a legal technique as much as a body of French law. It traces the movement from the ancien régime’s suspicion of the judiciary, through the nineteenth-century habit of the administration judging itself, to the consolidation of the Conseil d’État as a true court after 1872, and it maps the […]

The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, has significantly reformed corporate debt recovery in India. A recurring challenge concerns the dual-capacity creditor, an entity that provides both financial loans and operational services to a single company, often securing both exposures with one shared asset. When a company enters liquidation, the law requires these hybrid claims to […]

The transition from mechanically operated automobiles to software-defined and increasingly autonomous vehicles unsettles the conceptual foundations of product liability. A conventional product defect is ordinarily understood as a condition existing when a product leaves the manufacturer’s control; cybersecurity vulnerabilities, by contrast, may emerge after deployment, remain latent until exploited, propagate across an entire vehicle fleet, […]